Varieties and planting dates affect the growth, yield and quality of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in mild-tropical environment

Abstract

The present field experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of 11 released varieties in three planting dates under mild-tropical climatic conditions at ICAR-RC-NEH Region, Mizoram Centre, Kolasib, Mizoram. The planting of turmeric at last week of April in Mizoram result in better plant growth, higher fresh and dried rhizome yield, and greater curcumin content. Any delay in planting significantly affects the yield as well as quality of rhizomes. The fresh rhizome yield was harvested highest in Megha Turmeric-1 and Duggirala (430 q/ ha) followed by IISR Pratibha (400 q/ ha) and Roma (396 q/ ha). Further, dry matter yield potential was maximum in Duggirala (118.2 q/ ha) followed by Roma (114.0 q/ ha), IISR Pratibha (112.7 q/ ha) and Megha Turmeric-1 (105.7 q/ ha). The most promising quality trait, curcumin content was analysed to be higher in Megha Turmeric-1 (7.09%) followed by IISR Allepy Supreme (6.16%), Rajendra Sonia (6.16%), IISR Pratibha (6.03%) and Roma (5.98%). In conclusion, four varieties such as Megha Turmeric-1,
Duggirala, IISR Pratibha and Roma were excelled with respect to better plant growth, enhanced fresh rhizome yield and dry matter yield, and higher curcumin content