Economic impact assessment and technology adoption of okra variety Kashi Kranti

Abstract

Okra variety ‘Kashi Kranti’, developed by Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, is an early-maturing, medium-tall variety (100–115 cm) with dark green fruits (8–10 cm long), high yield potential (140–150 q/ha), and resistance to yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV) and okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCV). Using an ex-post and ex-ante assessment framework based on the economic surplus approach (Alston et al. 1995), the study quantified the benefits of its adoption. Adoption rates were estimated using breeder seed data and an S-shaped logistic function, reaching approximately 3.71% by 2024 and projected to approach 4.95% by 2030. Two yield gain scenarios (15 and 25% over prevailing varieties) were analyzed based on multi-year field data. Results showed substantial welfare gains. Under Scenario-I (15% yield gain), total economic surplus from 2012–2024 was ₹373.45 crore (annualized ₹28.73 crore), rising to ₹596.39 crore by 2030. Under Scenario-II (25% yield gain), the surplus reached ₹624.00 crore (2012–2024) and ₹997.08 crore by 2030. Producer surplus constituted the major share, reflecting higher productivity and profitability for farmers. The findings highlight Kashi Kranti’s significant contribution to yield enhancement, cost efficiency, and overall economic returns for producers, consumers, and society. Accelerated adoption of such improved varieties can strengthen vegetable production sustainability and support smallholder livelihoods in India.