Study on effect of area, yield and their interaction on change in production of major vegetable crops in India

Abstract

The total vegetables production during last three decades increased by nearly 3.04-times, similarly area increased by 2.21 times and productivity increased by 1.38 times. Present investigation was undertaken to study the growth rate and relative contribution of area and productivity on production of vegetables. The study was based on secondary data for the period of 23 years (2002-03 to 2024-25). Eight important vegetable crops, i.e., potato, onion, tomato, brinjal, cabbage, cauliflower, okra and pea considered for analysis on the basis of their importance. The overall compound annual growth rate in area, production and productivity of vegetables in the country during 23 years was 2.90, 4.09 and 1.17% per annum, respectively. The overall compound annual growth rate in area was highest for onion (5.83%) followed by pea (4.23%) and cauliflower (3.49%). Similarly, for production it was highest for onion (7.93%) followed by pea (6.76%) and tomato (5.23%) and for productivity it was highest for tomato (2.43%) followed by pea (2.26%) and onion (2.03%). The result reveals that an increase in vegetable production during study period was mainly due to area, with a contribution of 59.67 per cent. However, the contribution of productivity (20.83%) and the interaction effect of area and productivity (19.50%) to vegetable production growth were relatively lower. During overall period, all eight studied vegetable crops have area effect more than productivity effect and interaction effect. Study clearly indicates that area effect was more responsible factor for increasing vegetable production in the country than productivity and interaction effect between area and productivity.