Development of integrated disease management (IDM) module for major diseases in bitter gourd

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted for three consecutive
years from 2016 to 2019 to devise and evaluate the six different
integrated disease management (IDM) modules against
major diseases in bitter gourd and its economics at Indian
Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR), Varanasi. The IDM
module (T6) comprised of growing two rows of bajra as
border crops, use of black silver polythene mulching
followed by seed treatment with coordinated compound of
carbendazim 12%+ mancozeb 63%@ 3 g/kg, drenching with
captan 70 % +hexaconazole 5% WP @0.1% at 15 days after
germination followed by sequential spray of imidacloprid
17.8 SL@ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%, captan 70 %
+hexaconazole 5% WP @0.1%, imidacloprid 17.8 SL @7.5
ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2% and fosetyl-Al @0.1% at 10 days
interval from 30 days after sowing is validated as effective
for bitter gourd disease management. Module was
efficacious in reducing the incidence of mosaic and downy
mildew diseases in bitter gourd with higher fruit yield.
Though all IDM modules have lowered the severity of downy
mildew and mosaic disease significantly over control, T6
have reduced severity of downy mildew by 27% and mosaic
disease by 40% over the control. In addition, T6 has
increased the yield by 2.46 times than control. Furthermore,
highest cost benefit ratio of 1:2.1 has obtained in T6 IDM
module against control (1:1.20). Also, module T6 has reduced
the severity of powdery mildew and cercospora leaf spot
disease in bitter gourd.